Tendrías que verificar si matlab recibe datos a través de HTTP. Y al parecer si se puede, lee este pedazo que indican ellos cómo hacerlo
Cita:
Iniciado por http://www.mathworks.com/support/tech-notes/1600/1608.html Calling Perl Programs from MATLAB
On Windows, it is also possible to call MATLAB from PHP or Perl, using COM automation. Perl supports using MATLAB arrays as detailed below. PHP can only accept scalar values from MATLAB due to the limitations of its COM array implementation. Details and example code are included in a biology demo on MATLAB Central.